Sash windows have been around for centuries and have remained popular to this day because of their aesthetic appeal. They are made up of two wooden panels containing glass inserts. One or both of the panels or frames is able to move, usually vertically, to open or close the window. The weights for this action are hidden in what is known as a Yorkshire light and the earliest example can be seen in Vermeers painting of The Milk Maid, dated 1658.
Ham House, a beautiful old stately home located in England has the earliest known example of sash windows and dates back to 1670. A typical sash window consisted of three horizontal panels of glass set with two vertical panels of glass, creating a horizontal frame that was very typical for the period. Other configurations became widely accepted but this is still the traditional standard.
The typical standard for sash windows in early Georgian and Victorian houses measured about four feet in width and they can be opened vertically as the window slides on two runners set into the frame of the window.
A set of springs and balances and metal weatherstripping ensure that the window remains in position no matter the weather. A lead or steel weight is set into the frame to balance the weight of each window frame and to ensure that it is easy to open. In the case of a double hung sash window both frames are moveable.
When referring to a single hung sash window, only one of the frames is moveable, usually vertically, while the other remains fixed in place. This arrangement allows for maximum ventilation into the interior space.
Most traditional sash windows are constructed from soft woods and the glass panes are either single or double glazed. Although very beautiful, sash windows are relatively high maintenance. The soft wood is prone to rot and needs regular painting and maintenance of the mechanism. If left untreated the wood can warp or shrink, causing the frames to rattle in bad weather or to stick as they no longer fit properly. Poorly applied paint can also lead to opening problems.
With careful maintenance and proper treatment of the wood, these windows look beautiful and add to the value and aesthetic appeal of your home. They are extremely efficient at cooling the interior of any room on a sweltering summers day as positioning the windows so that there is a gap both top and bottom means even air movement. The hot air can escape through the top window while cooler air enters through the gap in the bottom window.
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